New Species in Borneo - Kalimantan

Recently, WWF - The Conservation Organization reported that they found 120 new species of animals in conservative area (called Heart of Borneo) in Borneo. In the area of 220,000 km2, WWF found at least two to three new species every day averagely. This news is truly amaze us. Almost everyday we heard about the extinction of present species, but now new species are appear.

Heart of Borneo itself is a conservative and protected area that located in Borneo island, among the border of Indonesia, Brunnei Darrusalam, and Malaysia. It is the place of 10 primate species, more than 350 birds, 150 reptiles, and more than 10,000 rare floras. WWF was particularly active in the establishment of the area. They have played role in promoting the critical Heart of Borneo initiative and in assisting the trans boundary in its conceptualization, design, and implementation.

Some fascinating new species that been found in the are are Flat-Headed Frog and has been called "Barbourula kalimantanensis". Found in 2008, this species breath using its skin and has no lung at all. Another fascinating species is an insect called Phobaeticus chani. It is the longest insect in the world (with total 36 cm of length body). So far, WWF only found three pieces of this animal. There also have Long-Tail Snail that contain calcium-carbonate at its tail and being use to do reproduction.

WWF also found Java Elephant in that area. This is a truly surprise and a happy news because this species already extinct because has been hunted in the past. In Borneo, when saw this species for the first time, WWF called this elephant as Pygmy Elephany (Bornean Pygmy Elephant) because it is in smaller size comparing with regular elephant. But later on, after do more research, WWF stated that the elephant they found was one kind from Java Elephant species. People believe Java Elephant that appeared in Borneo was being brought by Sultan Sulu - one of the King from ancient Phillipines - from Java Island to Borneo around 1800s.

Brief Introduction Of Borneo / Kalimantan
Borneo itself is one of the largest island in Indonesia and the third largest island in the world, after Greenland and New Guinea. The island is divided among three countries : Indonesia, Malaysia, and Brunei. More than 73% are is belong to Indonesia. People in Indonesia called this island as "Kalimantan", meanwhile people from other country known it as "Indonesian Borneo". Kalimantan is divided into foun provinces :
a. East Kalimantan
b. South Kalimantan
c. West Kalimantan
d. Central Kalimantan

Kalimantan is known with its river. There are three biggest river in Kalimantan :
1. Kapuas River (located in West Kalimantan, with approximately 1,143 km length, made it become the longest river in Indonesia).
2. Barito River (located in South Kalimantan, with 890 km length of river).
3. Mahakam River (located in East Kalimantan, flows 980 km from the district of Long Apari in the highlands of Borneo to the moth of Makassar Strait).
Since known as the Island of River, water transportation such as boat become one of the popular transportation in Kalimantan.

There are a lot of fascinating things and cultures can be found in Kalimantan. Will let you know in other articles....

Pendet - The Dance of The Goddess

In 2009, Malaysia and Indonesia relationship became very tense due to the using of Pendet Dance in Malaysia's advertisement promotion. The advertisement - in which shown by Discovery Channel Program in Malaysia  - shown Pendet to be Malaysian dance. This statement caused anger in Indonesia. Many Indonesian editorials and news stories reporting the offending clip, caused Discovery TV finally sent an apology letter to the two countries (Indonesia and Malaysia).

If you were Indonesian, you might understand why Indonesian people become so furious when Malaysia use Pendet Dance and claim it as theirs. Pendet Dance has been known as traditional dance from Bali, in which offering are made to purify the temple or theater as a prelude to ceremonies or other dances.It has been played since long time ago and become one of the most popular dance, besides Barong & Tari Kecak.

There has no precise record which mentioned the date Pendet Dance been made. But people believed, Pendet Dance has been performed for the first time in 1950 (which assumed it also created in that time). Previously, Pendet Dance was use for religion and ritual dance in Bali. I Wayan Rindi and Ni Ketut Reneng - two well-known dance-artist from Sumetha Village - are the creator of this dance. They were also develop this dance into ceremonial dance and usually perform the dance to welcome guests.

In 1960, Pendet Dance was been performed for the first time for international public in Asian Games. The dance been presented in front of President Soekarno, Indonesia's first President. Since then, Pendet Dance has been used widely for any occasion in Bali (especially in welcoming guests whose visiting Bali).

The original Pendet Dance is performed by 4 - 5 young girls (before their puberty) in temple yards. They usually bring flowers in small Silver bowls (called "Bokor"), then spread the flowers around the temple. This dance is a symbol of welcoming God. Pendet dance actually has simple dance movements. These movements are the basic dance movements of Balinese dance.

Indonesia - Where Is It?

"Indonesia? Where is it? Is it part of Bali Island?"

Yeah.... sometimes I still hear this kind of question. There are a lot of people that still have no idea where Indonesia is, meanwhile they often visit Bali Island. Bali Island actually is part of Indonesia. In fact, there are plenty of other exotic places in Indonesia beside Bali that you can visit.

Before I explain more, let's find out about Indonesia.

Indonesia - or The Republic of Indonesia - is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania. Indonesia consist of 17,508 islands (about 6,000 of which are inhabited), with a population of around 230 million people (the world's fourth most populous country), and scattered over both sides of the equator. There are five largest islands : Java, Sumatera, Kalimantan, New Guinea, and Sulawesi. Among those islands, Java is the most populous island which has population density of 940 people per square kilometer.

Indonesia shares land borders with Malaysia on the island of Borneo and Sebati, Papua New Guinea on the island of New Guinea, and Timor Leste on the island of Timor. Indonesia also shares borders with Singapore, Malaysia, Brunnei Darrusalam, and Phillipines to the north and Australia to the south across narrow straits of water.

Jakarta is the capital city of Indonesia and become the nation's largest city, followed by Surabaya (located in East Java), Bandung (West Java), Medan (South Sumatera), and Semarang (Central Java).


The total land area in Indonesia is 1,919,440 square kilometers, which make Indonesia as the world's 16th largest country in terms of land area. Administratively, Indonesia consists of 33 provinces. Each province has its own political legislature and governor. The provinces are subdivided into "kabupaten" (regencies, ruled by "Bupati") and "kota" (cities, ruled by "Walikota"). "Kabupaten" are subdivided into "Desa" or "Kelurahan" (village, ruled by "Kepala Desa" or "Lurah").
 
Lying along the equator, Indonesia has a tropical climate with two distinct monsoonal wet and dry seasons. Humidity is generally high, averaging about 70-80%. Temperatures vary throughout the year. Daily temperature range daily is about 18 - 32 degree Celcius. Usually mountainous area (such as the west coast of Sumatera, West Java / Bandung, Kalimantan, West Java / Batu, Sulawesi, and Papua) has temperature about 18 - 22. Meanwhile rural and city region (such as Jakarta, Central Java / Jogjakarta, South Sumatera / Palembang and Lampung) is generally in high temperature, between 26 - 32.

Indonesia's climate and archipelagic geography has support the world's second highest level of biodiversity (after Brazil). It has mixture of Asian and Australian species in flora and fauna. Forest is covering about 60% of the country (mostly in Sumatera, Kalimantan, Sulawesi, and New Guinea).


There are about 300 distinct native ethnicities in Indonesia, with more than 740 different languages and dialects. The largest ethic group is the Javanese, who comprise 42% of the population and culturally dominant.


The official national language is Indonesian and it is universally taught in schools and spoken by nearly every Indonesian. But most of them also speak at least one of their local languages and dialects.

Indonesia has more than 300 ethnic groups, each with cultural differences developed over centuries and influenced by Indian, Arab, Chinese, Malay, and European sources. Indonesian also have varies cuisine by region. Rice is the main staple food and is served with side dishes of meat and vegetables. Spices (such as chili, ginger, and turmeric), coconut milk, leek, onion, and shallot are fundamental ingredients.

Sounds exciting? Well.... you bet..!!! Let's see what we have in Indonesia on the next articles.....